ACL Tear (Torn Knee Ligament)
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the main ligaments that keep the knee stable. It usually tears during a sudden twist, stop or change of direction, often in football or basketball, in a fall, or in a road traffic accident. A torn ACL does not heal back together on its own. Some people manage well with physiotherapy, but those who want to return to pivoting sport, or whose knee keeps giving way, usually need reconstruction to protect the cartilage and meniscus from further damage.
Find a Orthopaedics SpecialistGet a fixed surgery quote on Mezo SurgeryMedically reviewed by Dr Debo Odulana, Founder and Chief Executive, Mezo. Last reviewed . This page is general information, not a diagnosis. Care is decided with you after an examination.
Symptoms
- A 'pop' felt or heard at the moment of injury
- Rapid swelling of the knee within hours
- Pain and difficulty putting weight on the leg
- The knee giving way, especially when turning
- Loss of full range of movement
- A feeling of instability on stairs or uneven ground
When to See a Doctor
See an orthopaedic surgeon within a week or two of a twisting knee injury with swelling, even if you can walk on it. Avoid having the knee massaged or manipulated by a bonesetter. Go to an emergency department for a deformed knee, being unable to bear any weight, a cold or numb foot, or severe swelling after a high-energy injury such as a road accident.
Treatment options
- Rest, ice, compression, elevation and crutches in the first days
- Examination and an MRI scan to confirm the tear and check the meniscus and cartilage
- Structured physiotherapy, before and after any surgery
- A knee brace in some cases
- Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using a graft from the hamstring or patellar tendon
- Repair of associated meniscus tears at the same operation
What it costs on Mezo
Published cash prices for the operations used to treat this condition. Your own quote follows an examination.
Common Questions
Can a torn ACL heal without surgery?
The ligament itself does not heal back together. Some people, especially those who do not play pivoting sports, regain a stable knee with physiotherapy. People who want to return to football and similar sports, or whose knee keeps giving way, usually need reconstruction.
How long is recovery after ACL reconstruction?
Walking without crutches usually returns within a few weeks, but returning to competitive sport takes nine months to a year of rehabilitation. Going back too early is a major cause of re-injury.
Should I see a bonesetter for a knee injury?
No. A bonesetter cannot repair a torn ligament, and manipulation can worsen the damage. Delaying proper assessment for months also allows further damage to the meniscus and cartilage.
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