Endometriosis
Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the womb grows outside it, on the ovaries, the tubes, the lining of the pelvis and sometimes the bowel or bladder. This tissue responds to monthly hormones, causing inflammation, pain and scarring. It is sometimes said to be rare in African women, which is not so: it is under-diagnosed, and many women in Nigeria live with years of severe pain before anyone names it. It is a long-term condition, but treatment controls pain and improves the chance of pregnancy.
Find a Gynaecology SpecialistMedically reviewed by Dr Debo Odulana, Founder and Chief Executive, Mezo. Last reviewed . This page is general information, not a diagnosis. Care is decided with you after an examination.
Symptoms
- Severe period pain that painkillers do not control
- Pelvic pain between periods
- Pain during or after sex
- Pain when stooling or passing urine during periods
- Heavy or irregular bleeding
- Difficulty getting pregnant
- Tiredness
When to See a Doctor
See a gynaecologist if period pain stops you working or studying, if you have pain during sex, or if you have been trying to conceive for a year without success (six months if you are over 35). Go to an emergency department for sudden, severe pelvic pain, which can mean a burst or twisted ovarian cyst.
Treatment options
- Anti-inflammatory painkillers
- Hormonal treatment to suppress the disease: the combined pill, progestogens, the hormonal coil or GnRH medicines
- Laparoscopy to diagnose endometriosis and remove or destroy deposits
- Removal of endometriomas (ovarian 'chocolate cysts')
- Fertility treatment, including IVF, where needed
- Hysterectomy in severe cases when childbearing is complete
What it costs on Mezo
Published cash prices for the operations used to treat this condition. Your own quote follows an examination.
Common Questions
How is endometriosis diagnosed?
A doctor may strongly suspect it from your symptoms, examination and an ultrasound or MRI, which can show endometriomas and deeper disease. Laparoscopy (keyhole surgery) lets it be seen directly, confirmed with a biopsy and treated at the same time.
Can I get pregnant with endometriosis?
Many women with endometriosis conceive naturally. It can reduce fertility, especially when it is severe or affects the ovaries and tubes, and surgery or IVF can help.
Does pregnancy cure endometriosis?
No. Symptoms often ease during pregnancy and breastfeeding but usually return afterwards. Pregnancy should never be advised as a treatment.
Is endometriosis cancer?
No. It is a benign condition, although it can spread and scar. The risk of certain ovarian cancers is slightly higher than average, but remains low overall.
Need Help?
Find a verified gynaecology specialist near you.
Gynaecology in Lagos →Gynaecology in Abuja →Gynaecology in Port Harcourt →Gynaecology in Jos →Gynaecology in Ibadan →Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.