Ovarian Cysts
An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac on or in an ovary. Most form as a normal part of the menstrual cycle (functional cysts) and disappear within a few cycles without anyone knowing. Others, such as endometriomas linked to endometriosis and dermoid cysts, persist and may need treatment. Cysts are often reported on routine scans in Nigeria, and the word alone causes a lot of worry: the type, size and appearance on scan matter far more than the fact that a cyst is there.
Find a Gynaecology SpecialistMedically reviewed by Dr Debo Odulana, Founder and Chief Executive, Mezo. Last reviewed . This page is general information, not a diagnosis. Care is decided with you after an examination.
Symptoms
- Often no symptoms
- Dull ache or pressure on one side of the lower abdomen
- Bloating or a feeling of fullness
- Pain during sex
- Changes in periods
- Sudden severe pelvic pain with vomiting (a cyst that has burst or twisted the ovary)
When to See a Doctor
See a gynaecologist if a cyst has been found on a scan, if you have persistent pelvic pain or bloating, or if you are past menopause and have a cyst. Go to an emergency department immediately for sudden, severe pain in the lower abdomen, especially with vomiting, fever, fainting or a positive pregnancy test. A twisted ovary (torsion) and an ectopic pregnancy both need urgent surgery.
Treatment options
- Repeat ultrasound after six to twelve weeks for simple, functional cysts
- Pain relief
- Blood tests such as CA-125 in selected cases, especially after menopause
- Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy, removing the cyst and keeping the ovary
- Removal of the ovary (oophorectomy) where necessary
- Emergency surgery for torsion or a burst cyst with bleeding
What it costs on Mezo
Published cash prices for the operations used to treat this condition. Your own quote follows an examination.
Common Questions
Will my cyst go away on its own?
Most functional cysts disappear within one to three cycles, and a repeat scan confirms it. Cysts that persist, grow, or look complex on scan are considered for removal.
Do ovarian cysts cause infertility?
Most do not. Functional cysts have no effect on fertility. Endometriomas can be associated with difficulty conceiving, and any surgery on the ovary is planned to protect the egg reserve.
Is an ovarian cyst cancer?
Most are benign, especially in younger women. The risk is higher after menopause and when a cyst has solid parts on scan. Your gynaecologist uses the scan, your age and sometimes a blood test to judge this.
Is PCOS the same as having ovarian cysts?
No. In PCOS the 'cysts' seen on scan are many small follicles, not true cysts, and the condition is a hormone disorder. A single ovarian cyst is a different thing.
Need Help?
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