Heartburn and Acid Reflux (GERD)
Acid reflux happens when stomach acid flows back up into the gullet (the oesophagus). The commonest symptom is heartburn, a burning feeling behind the breastbone, often after large or late meals or when lying down. When it happens often enough to cause symptoms or damage it is called gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, or GERD. In Nigeria it is very often called ulcer and treated with antacids for years. Most reflux settles with changes to eating and weight and a short course of acid-reducing medicine. Reflux that keeps returning, or that comes with warning signs, needs a camera test to see what the acid has done.
Find a Gastroenterology SpecialistMedically reviewed by Dr Debo Odulana, Founder and Chief Executive, Mezo. Last reviewed . This page is general information, not a diagnosis. Care is decided with you after an examination.
Symptoms
- Burning behind the breastbone (heartburn), especially after meals or at night
- Sour or bitter liquid coming up into the mouth
- Belching and bloating
- A cough or hoarse voice, worse at night
- Pain or difficulty swallowing
- Waking at night with a burning throat
When to See a Doctor
See a doctor if heartburn happens most weeks, or if antacids bought over the counter are not controlling it. See a doctor promptly, as an endoscopy is needed, if you have difficulty swallowing, food sticking on the way down, weight loss, vomiting, anaemia, or new reflux from about forty-five. Chest pain can be the heart rather than the gullet: go to an emergency department for chest pain that spreads to the arm, jaw or back, comes with breathlessness or sweating, or comes on with exertion.
Treatment options
- Smaller meals, and not eating for two to three hours before lying down
- Losing weight, stopping smoking and cutting down alcohol
- Raising the head of the bed
- Proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole, for a defined course
- Testing and treatment for H. pylori where indicated
- Gastroscopy for warning signs or reflux that does not respond to treatment
What it costs on Mezo
Published cash prices for the operations used to treat this condition. Your own quote follows an examination.
Common Questions
Is heartburn the same as ulcer?
No. Heartburn is usually acid reflux into the gullet, felt behind the breastbone. An ulcer is a sore in the stomach or duodenum, usually felt in the upper middle abdomen. They can feel similar and both are often called ulcer in Nigeria, which is one reason a proper assessment helps.
Can I keep taking omeprazole forever?
Some people need it long term, but it should be a decision made with a doctor rather than a habit. Long-term use can hide symptoms that need investigating, which is why reflux that needs constant medicine deserves at least one endoscopy.
When do I need an endoscopy for reflux?
When there is difficulty swallowing, weight loss, vomiting or anaemia, when reflux starts from about forty-five, or when it keeps coming back despite treatment. The camera shows inflammation, narrowing or changes in the lining that need watching.
Need Help?
Find a verified gastroenterology specialist near you.
Gastroenterology in Lagos →Gastroenterology in Abuja →Gastroenterology in Port Harcourt →Gastroenterology in Jos →Gastroenterology in Ibadan →Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.